TABLE

1) An orderly display of Data, usually arranged in columns and rows. 2) A word used in documentation to denote tabular, numerical, or Accounting data, tables are usually identified by letters and/or numbers which associate the table with a document section and the specific number of the table in the section.

TAILOFF COST

A sharp rise (or decline, depending on the effort) in the amount of labor and other Costs that are experienced at the end of a production run. This relative change in costs is caused by the efforts associated with Contract Close Out.

TAILORING

1) To alter or adapt for a particular purpose. 2) The process of selectively applying the requirements of Specifications and Standards to a contract. 3) The process by which requirements are adapted (that is, modified, deleted or supplemented) to the specific peculiarities, Characteristics, or operational needs of an item or system. The tailoring process does not constitute a Waiver or Deviation. 4) The process of evaluating the potential requirements of participating services to determine their pertinence and Cost Effectiveness for a specific Joint Acquisition Program, and modifying these requirements to ensure that each contributes to an optimal balance between the needs of the participating services and Cost.

TARGET

1) A desired Goal. 2) Anything aimed or fired at. 3) A Cost performance Objective value established as contracts are negotiated and changes are authorized. 4) Goals established for Incentive Type Contracts. 5) The overall performance value established based on a company's cost and/or profit objective, and, therefore, the Baseline against which the organization must Control and report performance.

TARGET COST

A Cost Objective value established by Negotiation for Incentive Type Contracts, the target Cost is used as a basis for agreement on Target Profit and target Price, and serves as the Base point for calculating Cost Sharing.

TARGET PROFIT (OR FEE)

The anticipated Fee or Profit that a contractor will receive for meeting Target Cost.

TASK

1) A piece of assigned work. 2) A major job that is one of several or many program or project requirements. 3) The effort to perform a service, or provide an accomplishment, that is not quantified in terms of units produced.

TASK ANALYSIS

A method by which the knowledge, skill, and effective Elements of Task performance are systematically examined and recorded. A task Analysis brings into focus such items as the classes of behaviors, conditions or performance, and the degrees of proficiency required to complete a task. A completed task analysis will display all the learning requirements necessary for the development of a training program.

TASK DESCRIPTION

A detailed Statement of Work for each Functional Area.

TASK FORCE

1) A usually temporary grouping of personnel, formed for the purpose of carrying out a specific Mission or project. 2) A semipermanent organization held together for the purpose of carrying out a continuing Task.

TASK ORDER

A supplementary contractual and obligating document issued under a basic TaskType Contract.

TASK-TYPE CONTRACT

A master contract, consisting of two parts, one of which sets forth the general provisions of the contract, and the other of which, represented by one or more Task Orders issued thereunder, is used to actually procure the resources required to perform a specified workload, and to obligate the funds necessary to support that effort.

TAXES

1) Charges levied by federal, state or local governments, taxes do not include fines, penalties or charges for services. 2) A contribution for the general support of an organization, levied by that organization on the individuals, groups, or programs within its domain.

TEAMING (ARRANGEMENT)

1) An agreement by two or more firms to form a partnership, or joint venture, to act as a potential Prime Contractor. 2) An agreement by a potential prime contractor to act as a Subcontractor to another prime contractor, for the performance of work specified in a contract. 3) An agreement to submit a joint Proposal, resulting from a normal prime contractor-subcontractor, licensee-licenser, or leader company relationship.

TECHNICAL CONTROL

Guidance by an authority over an assigned responsibility, limited in scope to the specialized or professional aspects inherent within the responsibility area.

TECHNICAL DATA

Scientific or technical information (such as manuals and drawings) recorded in any form or medium, and which are often specified to be deliverable pursuant to a contract. Computer Programs and related Software are not technical Data, however, documentation of Computer programs and related software are. Technical data specifically excludes financial and management data, or any other information related to Contract Administration.

TECHNICAL DATA PACKAGE (TDP)

A technical description of an item sufficient for supporting an Acquisition Strategy, production, Engineering, and logistics support of that item. The TDP defines the required Design Configuration and procedures necessary to ensure Adequacy of item performance, and includes all applicable Technical Data, such as drawings, associated lists, and Specifications.

TECHNICAL EVALUATION

1) The study, investigations, or Test and Evaluation conducted to determine the technical Suitability of material, equipment, or a system. 2) The formal Evaluation of contractor Proposals during Source Selection.

TECHNICAL INFORMATION

Information, including scientific Data, which relates to Research, Development, Engineering, Test and Evaluation, Production, operation, use, and Maintenance of military supplies and equipment.

TECHNICAL MANAGEMENT

A broad term describing the management of a totally integrated effort of System Engineering, Test and Evaluation (T&E), Production, and Logistics support over a system's Life Cycle. The goal of technical management is the timely and affordable Deployment and sustenance of an effective system. Technical management includes, but is not limited, to System definition, System Engineering, Computer Resources management, Integrated Logistics Support, Test and Evaluation, Reliability, Availability and Maintainability, Total Quality Management, Configuration Management, Producibility, and Preplanned Product Improvement. Technical management involves balancing a system's Cost, schedule, Effectiveness, and Supportability.

TECHNICAL MANUAL

A publication that contains instructions for the installation, operation, maintenance, training, and support of systems equipment. Technical Manual information may be presented in any format, including, but not limited to, hard copy, audio and visual displays, magnetic tape, discs, and other electronic devices. A Technical Manual normally includes operational and maintenance instructions, parts lists, and related Technical Information or procedures, exclusive of administrative procedures.

TECHNICAL OBJECTIVE

A statement of a Research and Development goal that requires for its attainment the successful completion of one or more of a group of projects of a similar technical nature.

TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT (TPM)

1) The continuing prediction and demonstration of the degree of anticipated or actual achievement of selected Technical Objectives. TPM includes an Analysis of any difference between: (a) Achievement to Date, the value of a technical parameter estimated or measured in a particular test or analysis; (b) Current Estimate of achievability, the value of a technical parameter predicted to be achieved at the end of the contract, within existing resources; and, (c) the Specification requirement. 2) All activities undertaken by the Government to obtain Design status beyond that treating schedule and Cost. TPM is the product design assessment which Estimates, through tests, the values of essential performance parameters of the current design of Work Breakdown Structure product Elements. It forecasts the values to be achieved through the planned technical program effort, measures differences between achieved values and those allocated to the product element by the System Engineering Process, and determines the impact of these differences on System Effectiveness.

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL

That part of a contractor's Proposal which delineates the program's technical requirements, and addresses the contractor's plan and approach for meeting those requirements. See also Cost Proposal.

TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS

A major Data Element, technical publications include those formal technical manuals developed for an item, as well as Commercial, or other miscellaneous, manuals or contractor instructional materials procured for the item, and any inspection documentation and historical records which may accompany an individual item of equipment.

TECHNICAL REPORT

Any preliminary or final technical document written for the permanent record, to document results obtained from, or recommendations made on, DoD sponsored scientific and technical activities.

TECHNICAL REPRESENTATIVE (TECH REP)

An employee representing a manufacturer of equipment, and assigned to a base installation or customer Facility. The Tech Rep provides technical service on equipment manufactured or sold by his company.

TECHNICAL RESEARCH

That portion of Applied Research which is oriented toward the Engineering disciplines, as opposed to a specific product. Technical research efforts include, but are not limited to: (a) maintaining cognizance of the State of the Art; (b) developing engineering tools and software; and, (c) providing technical solutions to major customer problems.

TECHNICAL REVIEW

The thorough review, reading, or proofing of a technical proposal, or project or program material, to verify that the Technical Information is correct in every detail, and that it is written to the correct technical level.

TECHNIQUE

1) The systematic procedure by which a task is accomplished. 2) A generic term used in Cost Estimating to describe: (a) the mathematical formulas or routines used to develop an Estimate (e.g., Learning Curves, parameters, and Cost Estimating Relationships, etc.); (b) the Computer Programs or logic used to convert labor hours and material Costs to fully burdened estimate costs and prices; or, (c) other procedures used to derive the cost values. 3) The means by which costs are derived or calculated within a given Cost Estimating Method.

TECHNOLOGY MODERNIZATION

The coupling of modernization with the implementation of advanced manufacturing technology, by providing Incentives for contractor (and subcontractor) capitalization.

TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS

Those company or customer funded programs that: (a) fall within the definition of Technical Research and/or customer funded Research and Development Study Contracts; (b) are included in a new Business program; and, (c) do not have sales of hardware or services as their end objective.

TELECOMMUNICATION

Any transmission, emission, or reception of signs, signals, writing, images, and sounds, or intelligence of any nature by wire, radio, visual or other electromagnetic systems.

TENANT

1) An occupant or inhabitant. 2) A unit or activity of one Functional Area of an organization occupying space which is provided and serviced by another functional area of the organization.

TERMINATION

A customerdirected Cancellation of all, or part, of a contract, termination usually includes two distinct parts: (a) Regular Termination, which covers the short term aspects of termination, consisting of program phase down efforts, reassignment of personnel, final documentation of completed work, and initial storage of the contract deliverables and Data completed as of the termination date; and, (b) Special Termination, which covers the longer phased aspects of termination, such as settlement of subcontractor and supplier Claims, continued storage and/or disposition of terminated deliverables, return of field representatives, and the layoff or termination of employees not placed in other programs or projects. See Termination Claim.

TERMINATION CLAIM

Any Claim or demand by a prime contractor or subcontractor for compensation resulting from Termination prior to the completion of any contract or subcontract.

TERMINATION FOR CONVENIENCE

A standard contract clause which allows the Government the right to terminate any contract, at any time, for the convenience of the Government. See also Cancellation and Termination.

TERMINATION INVENTORY

A list of all of the items of physical Property purchased, supplied, manufactured, furnished, or otherwise acquired for performance of a contract, which are properly allocable to the Termination Portion of the Contract.

TERMINATION LIABILITY

The maximum Cost the Government will incur if a contract is terminated. In the case of Multiyear Contracts, terminated before completion of the Current Fiscal Year's deliveries, Termination liability includes an amount for both Current Year Termination charges and out year Cancellation charges. See Potential Termination Liability.

TERMINATION LIABILITY FUNDING

The Obligation of sufficient contract funds to cover the contractor's past Expenditures, plus Termination Liability, but not the total Cost of completing the contract.

TERMINATION PORTION OF THE CONTRACT

That portion of a terminated contract which does not relate either to completed work or material delivered and accepted under the contract, or to any Continued Portion of the Contract. See Termination.

TERMS AND CONDITIONS

The part of a Contract, or Purchase Order, which covers the general and special provisions, services, delivery dates, contractual incentives, prices, listings of standards, and specifications included in the contract.

TEST

1) Any means of Examination, trial, or proof. 2) A procedure or action taken to determine, under real or simulated conditions, the capabilities, limitations, Characteristics, Effectiveness, Reliability, or Suitability of an item or system. 3) Any program or procedure which is designed to obtain, verify, or provide data for the Evaluation of: (a) Research and Development (other than laboratory experiments); (b) progress in accomplishing Development objectives; or, (c) performance and Operational Capability of items or systems. 4) The Engineering and Manufacturing support activities that provide verification, by simulated or real operational use, of portions or total End Items or systems, to determine the acceptability of designs and requirements. 5) A criterion or Standard. See also Test and Evaluation.

TEST AND EVALUATION (T&E)

1) See Test and Evaluation. 2) The process by which a system or Components are compared against Requirements and Specifications through testing. The results are evaluated to assess program progress in achieving specified technical parameters, such as Design, performance, and supportability, etc. There are three general types of T&E: (a) Development Test and Evaluation (DT&E); (b) Operational Test and Evaluation (OT&E); and, (c) Production Acceptance Test and Evaluation (PAT&E), which occur during the Acquisition Life Cycle. DT&E is conducted to assist the engineering Design and Development process, and to verify the attainment of technical performance specifications and objectives. OT&E is conducted to Estimate a system's Operational Effectiveness and suitability, identify needed modifications, and provide information on tactics, doctrine, organization, and personnel requirements. PAT&E is conducted on production items to demonstrate that those items meet the requirements and specifications of the procuring contracts or agreements. OT&E is further subdivided into two phases, Initial Operational Test and Evaluation (IOT&E), and Follow-on Operational Test and Evaluation (FOT&E). IOT&E must be conducted before the production decision, at Milestone III, to provide a credible estimate of operational Effectiveness and Suitability. Therefore, IOT&E must be conducted on a system as close to a production Configuration as possible, in an operationally realistic environment, by typical user personnel. FOT&E is conducted on the deployed system, to determine if operational effectiveness and suitability are, in fact, being attained.

TEST AND EVALUATION MASTER PLAN (TEMP)

An overall Test and Evaluation management plan, designed to identify and integrate objectives, responsibilities, resources, and schedules for all test and Evaluation to be accomplished prior to the subsequent key decision points. Prepared, as early as possible in the Acquisition process, the TEMP is updated as Development progresses.

TEST CRITERIA

The Standards by which test results and outcome are judged.

TEST EQUIPMENT

Electrical, electronic, or mechanical items used to support the Test process. Test equipment is usually of a Configuration, such that it can be used on a repetitive basis to support many tests, throughout the system Test and Evaluation process.

TEST INTEGRATION WORKING GROUP (TIWG)

A working group designed to facilitate the integration of Test requirements, through close coordination between the material developer, the combat developer, and the operational tester, in order to minimize Development time and Cost, and preclude duplication between developmental and operational testing.

TEST PROCEDURE

A documented process for performing a Test.

TEST REPORT

A document which contains the Data obtained from executing a Test, describes the conditions that actually prevailed during testing and data collection, and provides a comparison of test results with test objectives.

TEST RUN

To exercise portions of a total series of actions or outputs of a machine, system, or process to verify correct operation.

TEST SEQUENCE

1) A unique setup of Test measurements. 2) A specific order of related tests.

TESTBED

A system representation consisting, partially of actual hardware and/or software, and partially of Computer Models or prototype hardware and/or software, and used in the Test and Evaluation process.

TESTING

1) See Test. 2) An Element of inspection, testing generally denotes the determination by technical means of the properties or elements of supplies, or Components thereof, including functional operation, and involves the application of established scientific principles and procedures.

THEN YEAR DOLLARS

Dollars that include the effects of inflation or Escalation, and/or reflect the price levels expected to prevail during the year at issue. See also Base Year Dollars and Current Year Dollars.

THREAT

1) A possible danger. 2) The Capability of a potential enemy to limit or negate Mission accomplishment, or to neutralize or reduce the Effectiveness of a current or projected organization or materiel item. A determination of threat results from the application and extension of intelligence. 3) Any countries which are considered to have a potential adverse impact on the national security of the United States. 4) Any weapon systems which must be defeated by U.S. systems in battle.

THRESHOLD(S)

1) A minimum or maximum value established for a Characteristic or parameter which, when exceeded, will cause a program review. 2) Monetary, time, or resource limitations placed on a program, to be used as guides as the program progresses. The breaching of any threshold is cause for careful review of at least some aspects of the program. 3) The minimum level or requirement that a system must meet.

TIERING

Specifications and Standards referenced in a contract which within themselves reference other documents which reference still more documents, etc.

TIME AND MATERIAL CONTRACT

A contract providing for the purchase of supplies or services on the basis of: (a) Direct Labor hours at specified hourly rates (which include direct labor, overhead, and profit); and, (b) material at Cost.

TIME CHARTER CONTRACT

A contract for the chartering of a Commercial vehicle for a specific time in order to transport personnel or cargo. Costs of loading and unloading are generally not included in the charter rate.

TIME LINE

A Schedule line showing key dates and planned events.

TIME PHASED

The spread of resources (labor, funds, or materials, etc.), tasks, or key Milestones and activities, displayed by appropriate time period.

TIME PHASED ACTION PLAN

A Schedule for the employment of the manufacturing Facilities, processes, and personnel necessary to meet an End Item delivery date. See Time Phased.

TIME SHARING

The use of an item, or location, for two or more purposes during the same time interval, accomplished by interspersing the actions in time.

TIME STUDY

1) The observation, recording, or calculation of the time required to perform each detailed Element of an operation, and "leveling" off the results into a practicable attainable work Standard. 2) The procedure by which the actual elapsed time for performing an operation, or subdivisions or elements thereof, is determined by the use of a suitable timing device and is then recorded.

TIME VARIANCE

For Labor, the difference between Standard Hours priced at the standard rate, and actual hours priced at the standard rate.

TOLERANCE

1) Leeway for variation, as from a Standard. 2) Capacity to withstand pressure or Load. 3) A measure of the accuracy of the dimensions of a part, or the electrical Characteristics of an Assembly or function.

TOOLING

All jigs, dies, fixtures, molds, patterns, special gauges, other equipment, and manufacturing aids, and replacements thereof, acquired or manufactured by a contractor for use in the performance of a contract. These tools are of such a specialized nature that, without substantial modification or alteration, their use is limited to the production of such supplies or parts, or the performance of such services, as are peculiar to the needs of the customer. In DoD Procurement, the "title" for tooling resides with the customer. In Commercial practice the "title" for tooling resides with the contractor.

TOOLING COSTS

Costs incurred by a contractor in establishing certain functions of the manufacturing process to produce an item. See Tooling.

TOOLUP

The point in a Production program when the maximum production rate is achieved. The production tools are in place, checked out, and operating at maximum rate.

TOP LINE

Fiscal guidance promulgated for Programming purposes, the top line is the maximum dollar amount the DoD, Services, or other agencies can expect to get. The top line represents core plus marginal programs.

TOTAL ALLOCATED BUDGET

The sum of all Budgets allocated to a contract. Total allocated budget consists of the Performance Measurement Baseline and all Management Reserve. The total Allocated Budget should reconcile directly with the Contract Budget Base.

TOTAL AVERAGE LABOR COST

All labor hours, productive and nonproductive, Averaged over the total quantity of units produced.

TOTAL CONTRACT PRICE AT COMPLETION

Actual Costs through a specific date, plus the Estimated Cost to complete the contract, and estimated final Fee or Profit.

TOTAL CONTRACT TARGET COST

The Estimated Cost set forth in the contract. It is adjusted, plus or minus, by the negotiated Target Cost of authorized changes.

TOTAL OBLIGATIONAL AUTHORITY (TOA)

1) A DoD financial term which expresses the value of the direct program for a given Fiscal Year. The TOA is based on the Congressionally approved Budget Authority for the program, plus or minus financing and receipts adjustments determined by the DoD. 2) The total amount of funds available for programming in a given year, regardless of the year the funds are appropriated, obligated or expended. TOA includes new obligational authority, unprogrammed or reprogrammed obligational authority from prior years, and unobligated balances transferred from other Appropriations.

TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM)

A management philosophy committed to a focus on the continuous improvement of product and services with the involvement of the entire workforce.

TOTAL RISK ASSESSING COST ESTIMATE (TRACE) SYSTEM

A management system based on scientific methods, set procedures, and effective controls used, in the Development of Research, Development, Test and Evaluation program and Budget requirements, to arrive at Cost Estimates that more closely approach eventual actual system Costs.

TOUCH LABOR

1) Production labor which can be reasonably and consistently related directly to a unit of work being manufactured, processed, or tested. 2) Hands-on labor effort.

TRACEABILITY

1) The Capability to recover specific information (such as Configuration, Negotiation, or Cost Data) by means of marking processes and records that provide a trail of references. 2) The capability to track: (a) system requirements from a system function to all Elements of the system, which collectively, or individually, perform that function; (b) an element of the system to all functions which it performs; or, (c) a specific requirement to the source analysis or contractual Constraint which originated the requirement. 3) Traceability includes tracking Allocation, Design, technical, and program requirements, through the Work Breakdown Structure, from the system level to the lowest level of Assembly.

TRADE DISCOUNT

A reduction in Price, usually varying in percentage with the volume of transactions, made by suppliers to those engaged in certain Businesses. See Discount, Purchase Discount, and Cash Discount.

TRADEOFF

1) The selection of a preferred Parameter. 2) The selection among alternatives to obtain optimum balance for a system. 3) The technique of reducing some desirable factor(s) in exchange for an increase in one or more other factors to maximize a system's Effectiveness. Tradeoff factors often include reliability, weight, size, accuracy, mission time, and Costs, etc. 4) An Evaluation of a Design Change to determine its importance in regard to Benefits versus disadvantages. Some significant trade-off study areas in equipment Design are: (a) sensitivity of selected mission requirements versus realistic performance parameters and Cost Estimates; (b) operations design versus maintenance design; (c) automated versus manual operation; (d) off-the-shelf items versus new developments; and, (e) cost versus performance.

TRAINING (AND TRAINING SUPPORT)

1) One of the principal Elements of Integrated Logistic Support. The process, procedures, techniques, training devices, and equipment used to train civilian and active duty and reserve personnel to operate and support a materiel system. This includes individual and crew training, new equipment training, initial, formal, and on-the-job training, and logistic support planning for training equipment and training device acquisitions and installations. 2) Services, devices, aids, equipment, and parts provided to facilitate instruction for personnel to acquire sufficient knowledge to operate and maintain a system Efficiently. Training includes the Design and manufacture of training equipment as well as the Execution of the training services. 3) The level of learning required to adequately perform the responsibilities designated to the function, and to accomplish the mission assigned to the system. 4) The Provisioning of resources (such as billets, personnel, funds, Facilities, hardware, course materials, and services), for the use of the training activity.

TRAINING DEVICE

1) Equipment designed exclusively for Training purposes, to demonstrate or illustrate a concept, or to provide a simulated system in which a student's skill or technique is developed or improved. Operational equipment is included, where it is installed as part of a specific training device. 2) Any three-dimensional object developed, fabricated, or procured specifically for improving the learning process. Training devices may be either system devices or nonsystem devices. System devices are designed for use with one system or item of equipment, including subassemblies and Components, while nonsystem devices are designed to support general military training, and/or for use with more than one system or item of equipment, including subassemblies and components.

TRAINING EQUIPMENT

The hardware or software in the form of equipment, devices, systems or subsystems, parts or Components (actual, duplicated, simulated or otherwise represented) and supporting materials, to be used by students and instructor personnel to achieve required skill levels appropriate to the performance of the mission.

TRAINING MATERIAL

All hardware and software used in and for training. Training material incudes training devices, training aids, training publications and films, and operational equipment used for training.

TRAINING PROGRAM

An Assembly or series of courses, or other requirements, which have been organized to fulfill a broad overall training requirement. A program is usually developed for one of the following: (a) a position, trade, or occupation; (b) an organization, activity, or segment thereof; or, (c) a function or field.

TRANSACTION

Any mutual agreement, contract, understanding, or exchange, or transfer of Cash or property between entities, individuals, or group of individuals.

TRANSITION

The process, or an instance, of changing, or passing, from one form, state, subject, place, or phase to another.

TRANSITION TO PRODUCTION

The period during which the program shifts (passes) from Development to Production. It is not an exact point, but is described as a process consisting of disciplined Engineering and Logistics management to ensure that the system is ready for manufacture.

TRANSLATOR

An automatic means, usually a program, to translate machine language mnemonic symbols for Computer operations into true machine language. Memory locations and input-output lines must be written in numerical code, not symbolically.

TRANSPORTABILITY

The Capability of material to be moved by towing, self-propulsion, or carrier through any means, such as railways, highways, waterways, pipelines, oceans, and airways. Full consideration of available and projected transportation Assets, mobility plans and schedules, and the impact of system equipment and support items on the strategic mobility of operating military forces is required to achieve this capability.

TRANSPORTATION

1) The movement or carrying of people and/or things from one location to another. 2) The inherent Capability of an item to be moved Efficiently over railways, highways, waterways, oceans, or airways, either by carrying, towing, or self-propulsion. 3) One part of the Integrated Logistic Support Element of Packaging, Handling, Storage, and Transportation.

TRANSPORTATION REQUEST

A standard Government or company form used: (a) to exchange for a ticket on common carriers, such as railroads, airlines, vessels and buses for use in performing duly authorized travel; or, (b) for the shipping of goods.

TRAVEL COST(S)

All nonlabor Costs approved in conjunction with temporary travel assignments, including air and local Transportation Costs, mileage allowances, per diem, lodging, and certain other costs. Travel costs may also include costs for the permanent relocation of personnel to offsite areas, or other Facilities. Labor costs expended during travel periods are not included in travel costs, but are included in the appropriate Statement of Work task as Direct Labor charges.

TREND

1) A flow, or direction. 2) A general tendency of movement. 3) The general tendency of a set of statistical Data toward the formulation of a pattern or a line, as related to time, or another variable. Trends may be pictured graphically as a Curve on a grid Chart, as opposed to random or no trend data, which appear as a random series of points.

TRISERVICE BOARD

A committee composed of Army, Navy, and Air Force representatives, plus NASA, whose purpose is to negotiate and agree with a company on the amount of new Business, Independent Research and Development, and Bid and Proposal Expense to be recognized as allowable for contract pricing and costing purposes for a given year.

TRUNCATING (OR TRUNCATION)

Reducing the number of Significant Digits by dropping the least significant digit(s) that are used to represent a numeric value (e.g., 3.50546, by dropping the last 3 least significant digits is truncated to 3.50). See also Rounding.

TRUTH IN NEGOTIATIONS

Public Law 87653 created in law the requirement for the submission, either actually or by specific identification in writing, of Cost and Pricing Data and certification of their accuracy, completeness, and currency for the Award of any negotiated Government contract expected to exceed $500,000. Certain exceptions apply that are tied to Adequate Price Competition, or other conditions reflecting a competitive Marketplace.

TURN AROUND TIME

1) The time required to complete any assigned task. 2) The time required to return an item to use between missions, or after removal from use.

TURNOVER

1) The number of personnel who have left and been replaced during a stated period (usually a year), in an organization or unit. Turnover is usually expressed as a percentage or a rate. 2) The number of times various items, such as raw material, inventory, personnel, and the like, are replaced during a stated period.

TWO-STEP SEALED BIDDING

A Source Selection process where firms are allowed to submit technical (not price) proposals to satisfy a requirement. Firms with satisfactory technical approaches are then allowed to submit sealed Bids (price) to an invitation for bid (lFB), which uses each individual's approach as the contract specification. Award goes to the lowest responsive and responsible bidder.

TYPE A (SYSTEM) SPECIFICATION

A Specification which states all of the necessary requirements of a system, in terms of technical performance and mission requirements, including test provisions to assure that all requirements are achieved. Type A specifications state the technical mission requirements of the system as an entity.

TYPE B (DEVELOPMENT) SPECIFICATION

A Specification which states all of the necessary Design requirements of a Configuration development item in terms of performance. Type B specifications state requirements for the Development of items below the system level. They specify all of the required item Functional Characteristics and the tests required to demonstrate achievement of those Characteristics.

TYPE C (PRODUCT) SPECIFICATION

A Specification applicable to any item below the system level, and usually oriented toward the Procurement of a product through the specification of primarily function (performance) requirements, or primarily fabrication (detailed design) requirements. Type C specifications are intended to be used for the procurement of items, including Computer Programs.

TYPE D (PROCESS) SPECIFICATION

A Specification applicable to a service, which is performed on a product or material. Examples of processes include: heat treatment, welding, plating, packing, microfilming, and marking, etc. Process specifications cover manufacturing techniques, which require a specific procedure in order that a satisfactory result may be achieved.

TYPE E (MATERIAL) SPECIFICATION

A Specification applicable to Raw Material (chemical compounds), mixtures (cleaning agents, paints), or semi-fabricated material (electrical cable, copper tubing) used in the fabrication of a product. Normally, a material specification applies to production, but it may be prepared to Control the Development of a material item.

TYPE CLASSIFICATION

A system which identifies the Life Cycle status of a system, after a production decision, by the assignment of a Type Classification Designation, and records the status of the system in relation to its overall life history, as a guide to procurement, Authorization, logistical support, Asset, and readiness reporting.

TYPE CLASSIFICATION DESIGNATIONS

There are four Type Classification designations: (a) Limited Procurement (for one time procurements, specified small quantities, and for items which do not qualify as Standard Items, or are needed for urgent operational requirements, testing purposes, or to maintain an established production line); (b) Standard (approved for inventory and acceptable for mission need); (c) Contingency (does not satisfy operational requirements, but has some residual value); and, (d) Obsolete (no longer useful or required).